How Late It Was, How Late

Content Warning: This section of the guide discusses police violence, drug and alcohol abuse, and ableism against people with sight loss.

Through the experiences of Sammy, James Kelman explores the challenges and gradual adaptation that come with losing one’s sight. This theme is woven into the narrative, shedding light on the physical, emotional, and psychological adjustments that Sammy undergoes.

At the outset of the novel, while in prison, Sammy discovers that he has lost his vision due to a violent encounter with the police. This abrupt and devastating loss of sight plunges Sammy into a world of darkness, disorientation, and vulnerability. As Sammy grapples with the immediate aftermath of his blindness, Kelman portrays his internal turmoil. His thoughts are filled with frustration, anger, and resilience as he attempts to make sense of his new reality. His initial reactions include denial and disbelief, followed by mental adjustment to his new situation. Sammy’s journey toward becoming accustomed to his sight loss is not a linear one. Instead, it is marked by setbacks, moments of despair, and the relentless struggle to regain a sense of control over his life.

Throughout the novel, Sammy is determined to regain independence. He begins to explore strategies and tools that can aid him in his daily life.